Final Report

ma_ben@nivel.euitto.upm.es

Main Results:

1. Detailed study of seismicity and seismic hazard of Tbilisi and adjacent territories has been carried out using modern methods. Multidisciplinary databases for hazard analysis were compiled using GIS technology. On the basis of multidisciplinary data (seismological, geological, geophysical etc) a set probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Tbilisi has been compiled. The seismic effect was calculated both for ground acceleration, spectral acceleration and macroseismic intensity.
2. The Information Engineering Seismology Database (IESDB) for OS Windows 9X/NT/2000 has been created for needs of engineering seismology. IESDB includes the following components: Seismicity (Seismic regime) of Tbilisi region; Results of determination of seismic source zones; Macroseismic data of the realized seismic events – including historical and instrumental periods; Database of strong motion records received from different sources; Engineering-geological and geomorphological conditions of individual sites of Tbilisi; Database of Racha earthquake (Georgia, 1991). The original software has been developed for record processing, harmonic, spectral, statistical, correlation and regression analysis.
3. On the base of analysis of the records in IESDB and experimental investigations using modern nonexplosive sources and study of correlation dependences of various parameters of seismic impact and response of soils nine new tools of instrumental method of seismic microzonation have been developed differ from analogue ones by account of physical nonlinearity. For the first time two new tools of assessment of increment of seismic intensity between given sites with different engineering-geological conditions at changeable level of an earthquake impact have been developed. Each tool is realized using appropriate correlation equations. Nine patents of Russian Federation have been received.
4. On the base of developed algorithm within the framework of the project first in the New Independent States the original software for nonlinear soil seismic response analysis have been developed – ZOND (uses theory of multiply reflected-refracted waves in absorbing media) and LIMIT ( 2D FEM step-by-step procedure).
5. The original correlation dependencies between parameters of seismic motion (magnitude, acceleration, epicentral distance, geological conditions) and soil response (amplitude Fourier spectra, area of spectrum, average weighted vibration frequency) have been obtained. It is established that absorption parameter in the form of normalized vibration spectrum area increases for rocky soils and decreases for soft soils at increasing seismic impact. It is established that area of the real (Fourier) spectrum is increased directly for rocky soils and inversely for soft soils at increasing vibration frequency. It is established that average weighted vibration frequency decreases in soft soils and increases in rocky soils at increasing acceleration.
6. For the first time on the base of study of the features of engineering-geological conditions and the data of field investigations using vibration source SV-10/100 the map of nonlinear anomalies of soils for Tbilisi city has been compiled.
7. On the base of results of instrumental and numerical methods of seismic microzonation the map of seismic microzonation of the territory of Tbilisi city has been compiled in GIS technology.

1. Gvishiani A.D., Zhizhin M.N., Zaalishvili V.B. Creation of databases and development of research in the sphere of engineering seismology. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.28
2. Berezko A.E, Zaalishvili V.B. The seismic microzonation on a base of modern technologies. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.38
3. Zaalishvili V., I.Timchenko, V.Kacharava, Z.Zaalishvili. Strong motion instrumentation for structures of civil engineering and economical aspects of planning of territory of big cities. M.Erdik et al. (eds.), Strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001. Pp. 593-602.
4. Zaalishvili V. Strong motion in absorbing nonlinear medium and problems of their registration. M.Erdik et al. (eds.), Strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001. Pp. 593-602.
5. Zaalishvili V., I.Timchenko, Z.Zaalishvili. The tool of seismic microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162612. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
6. Zaalishvili V., O. Kuranova, Z.Zaalishvili, A.Melentiev. The tool of seismic microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162614. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
7. Javakhishvili Z., P. Smit, T. Chelidze, M. Elashvili, T. Godoladze. 1999 The Strong Motion network in Georgia. Proceedings of NATO ARW (NATO advanced research workshop on strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures), Istanbul, 1999, 2-5 July, 7 pp.
8. V.Zaalishvili. The Physical Basics of Seismic Microzonation. Joint Institute of the Physics of the Earth. Moscow, 2000, 367 p. (in Russian).
9. V.Zaalishvili. Seismic Microzonation. Achievements. Problems. Building Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 42-51.
10. M.Otinashvili, I.Timchenko, V.Zaalishvili. Analysis of Ground Media Strong Motion with Usage of Digital Method. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 67-71 (in Georgian).

1.1.The programme was carried out according to the tasks listed in Work Programme.

Task 1.1. Case study on-line database. The Information Engineering Seismology Database (IESDB) for OS Windows 9X/NT/2000 has been created for needs of engineering seismology. IESDB has been developed by Participant 3 (V.Zaalishvili, A.Odisharia, G.Gabrichidze, T.Tsamalashvili, P.Rekvava) Participant 4 (I.Timchenko, S.Gogmachadze, N.Shengelia, G.Lomidze) using the SMDB with WWW interface as starting point, developed by Participant 5 (A.Gvishiani, A.Burtsev, A.Andreev, A.Beriozko). The appropriate software for investigations including: Seismicity (Seismic regime) of Tbilisi region; Results of determination of seismic source zones; Macroseismic data of the realised seismic events – including historical and instrumental periods; Database of strong motion records received from CGDS, Russia – Participant 5, K-NET, Network of Greece, Taiwan; Engineering-geological and geomorphological conditions of individual sites of Tbilisi; Database of Racha earthquake (Georgia, 1991). ISMDB is located on hard drive (or in a set of CD-ROMs) of workstation (its total size is about 4Gb, includes more than 50000 records with calculated set of parameters), that allows to run it in the local machine at each workplace; high speed of data access and their processing is achieved by above mentioned statements and 32-bit software, operating under Windows 9X/NT/2000; capability of integrating in developed database operating software graphical representation of results with high resolution and 24-bit colour graphic. The original software has been developed for processing of records, to perform harmonic, spectral, statistical, correlation and regression analysis, to prepare the input data for numerical analysis of buildings with given soil conditions, to develop methodology of engineering seismology, including seismic microzonation.

Task 1.2 Development of GIS. All data bases and maps were compiled using GIS technology. Different data bases have been created: macroseismic data base, map and catalogue of active faults, catalogue of earthquakes, topographical map, map of quaternary deposits. Macroseismic data base contains data about macroseismic intensity of shaking in each populated locality in the area. The co-ordinates of towns and villages (more then 900 localities) are given as well. For the earthquakes, which have macroseismic effect ³ 6 on MSK scale, maps of isoseismals were constructed. Digital map and catalogue of active faults was compiled on the bases of map of active faults of Georgia (Gamkrelidze et al.). Catalogue of earthquakes of the studied area consists of about 4500 events and covers period from XVII century till 2001. For the earthquakes the date, time of origin, co-ordinates, focal depth, magnitude, "energetic class", intensity in epicentre and some additional information is given. For the modern instrumental period (since 1960) the parameters of moderate and strong earthquakes (M³ 3.5) were recalculated.

1:10000 topographic and geologic maps were digitised and corresponding layers were created in GIS.

Contractors involved in these task: Z.Javakhishvili, Yu.Kolesnikov, M.Elashvili, T.Godoladze, E.Gelashvili.

Task 2.1 Description of earthquake source zones. Seismic source zones were delineated on the basis of map of active faults of Georgia. For each fault 12 parameters is given (length, average dip azimuth and angle of fault plane, depth of penetration and activity, kinematics, width of zone etc.). Parameterisation of SSZ-es has been carried out i. e. the seismic potential of zone M_max was estimated. The b value and seismic rate, and range of focal depth was determined. All these parameters are included in SSZ database. Map of SSZ-es was compiled. Alternative version of seismic source zones was created on the bases of active fault scheme. The two versions of SSZ was used for comperative analysis of hazard maps Contractors involved in these task: Z.Javakhishvili, O.Varazanashvili, M.Elashvili, T.Godoladze, T.Tsamalashvili.

Task 2.2 Development of regional linear statistical relations between parameters of seismic wavefield, source, geomorphology and geotectonics. Using the developed ISMDB the relations betwee the parameters of earthquake wave field, parameters of an earthquake source (magnitude, distance to epicenter, acceleration, source duration) and the local site conditions (soil elevation, topography contrast etc.) have been established, on the base of spectral, multifactor regression and correlation analysis. Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, N.Shengelia, I.Timchenko.

Task 2.3 Case study and statistical analysis of nonlinear response of soils under seismic wavefield loading. A correlation of parameters closely connected with nonlinearity of seismic energy dissipation is established and developed on the basis of spectral, multifactor regression and correlation analysis of the local site conditions and waveforms of instrumental records in transition from weak to strong ground motion. The developed original software ZOND and LIMIT have been used. Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, N.Shengelia, I.Timchenko.

Task 3.1 General seismic zoning. On the basis of multidisciplinary data (seismological, geological, geophysical etc) a set probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Tbilisi has been compiled. The seismic effect was calculated both for ground acceleration, spectral acceleration and macroseismic intensity. Cornell approach, namely computer program SEISRISK III after Bender and Perkins 1987, was used for calculations The set of maps for macroseismic intensity, peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration for 50 years exposure time and 1%, 2%, 5% probability of exceeding has been constructed. Alternative model of source zones was used for comperative analysis. All maps are compiled in GIS system.

Contractors involved in the task: T.Chelidze, Z.Javakhishvili, O.Varazanashvili, Yu.Kolesnikov, M.Elashvili, T.Godoladze, T.Tsamalashvili.

Task 3.2 Case study. Case study of earthquake of 14.12.2000 near Tbilisi city. Detailed analysis of strong motion record has been carried out. The record was compared with records of aftershocks of Racha earthquake (for similar magnitude and epicentral distance. Simulation of stochastic acceleration time histories for finite faults has been carried out. The source parameters and spectral characteristics were used for calculation.

Contractors involved in this task: Z. Javakhishvili, M.Elashvili, T.Godoladze.

Macroseismic analysis of the Dec. 14. 2000 earthquake has been performed, the map of macroseismic intensities has been compiled in GIS technology. Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, I.Timchenko, A.Odisharia, S.Gogmachadze, Z.Zaalishvili.

Selection of typical strong motion waveforms. On the basis of statistical analysis of instrumental records of seismic events of various intensity, the relations between parameters of typical strong motion waveforms and soil conditions have been established. These relations were used the formalised features of weak seismic field, whose samples, generated by different source zones, are represented in a wide statistical set of instrumental records obtained directly in Tbilisi. Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, N.Shengelia, I.Timchenko.

Task 3.3 Seismic microzonation of Tbilisi: soil non-linearity anomaly map. Correlation of non-linearity and dissipation parameters, established and developed in Task 2 and 3 on the basis of spectral, multifactor, regression analysis of the local site conditions and waveforms of instrumental records of weak and strong earthquakes, have been applied for incorporation of corrections for intensity of seismic influence and soil conditions in the general seismic zoning map of expected peak ground motions in a form of anomaly map. A digital map of boreholes locations in the territory of Tbilisi, engineering-geological map of Tbilisi have been compiled. Digital maps of the territory of Tbilisi in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA), macroseismic intensities, dominant frequences of soil vibration, intensity increments in linear and nonlinear approach for different intensities of input seismic excitation (5 and 7 by MSK scale), distribution of spectral densities , distribution of average weighted frequences of Fourier spectra) have been compiled on the base of developed numerical methods and software ZOND, LIMIT for nonlinear seismic response analysis of soil deposits. The results have been tested and compared with analogue existing software (EERA, NERA). A map of intensity increments caused by topography features of the territory of Tbilisi has been compiled as well.

Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, S.Gogmachadze, A.Odisharia, I.Timchenko.

Task 4.1 To generate hazard assessment map for Tbilisi. On the base of compiled maps a digital map of seismic microzonation of the territory of Tbilisi in form of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and macroseismic intensities have been compiled Contractors involved in this task: V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, S.Gogmachadze, A.Odisharia

. 1.2. Scientific Results

1. Detailed study of seismicity and seismic hazard of Tbilisi and adjacent territories has been carried out using modern methods. Multidisciplinary databases for hazard analysis were compiled using GIS technology. On the basis of multidisciplinary data (seismological, geological, geophysical etc) a set probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Tbilisi has been compiled. The seismic effect was calculated both for ground acceleration, spectral acceleration and macroseismic intensity. Cornell approach, namely computer program SEISRISK III after Bender and Perkins 1987, was used for calculations The set of maps for macroseismic intensity, peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration for 50 years exposure time and 1%, 2%, 5% probability of exceeding has been constructed. Alternative model of source zones was used for comparative analysis. All maps are compiled in GIS system.

1. The Information Engineering Seismology Database (IESDB) for OS Windows 9X/NT/2000 has been created for needs of engineering seismology. IESDB has been developed by Participant 3 and 4 with appropriate software for investigations including the following components: Seismicity (Seismic regime) of Tbilisi region; Results of determination of seismic source zones; Macroseismic data of the realized seismic events – including historical and instrumental periods; Database of strong motion records received from CGDS, Russia – Participant 5, K-NET, Network of Greece, Taiwan; Engineering-geological and geomorphological conditions of individual sites of Tbilisi; Database of Racha earthquake (Georgia, 1991). Created database is functionning with software MS Access, with original developed software, which meets the requirements formulated in the projects and conforms to our problems and the working conditions: operative access to the information, as the database is located on hard drive or CD-ROM of workstation (its total size is about 4Gb, includes more than 50000 records with calculated parameters), that allows to run it in the local machine at each workplace; high speed of data access and their processing is achieved by above mentioned statements and 32-bit software, operating under Windows 9X/NT/2000; capability of integrating in developed database operating software graphical representation of results with high resolution and 24-bit colour graphic. The original software has been developed for processing of records, to perform harmonic, spectral, statistical, correlation and regression analysis, to prepare the input data for numerical analysis of buildings with given soil conditions, to develop methodology of engineering seismology, including seismic microzonation.
2. On the base of analysis of the records in IESDB and experimental investigations using modern nonexplosive sources and study of correlation dependences of various parameters of seismic impact and response of soils seven new tools of instrumental method of seismic microzonation have been developed differ from analogue ones by account of physical nonlinearity. For the first time two new tools of assessment of increment of seismic intensity between given sites with different engineering-geological conditions at changeable level of an earthquake impact have been developed. Each tool is realized using appropriate correlation equations. Nine patents of Russian Federation have been received.
3. On the base of developed algorithm within the framework of the project first in the New Independent States the original software for nonlinear soil seismic response analysis have been developed – ZOND (uses theory of multiply reflected-refracted waves in absorbing media) and LIMIT ( 2D FEM step-by-step procedure).
4. The original correlation dependencies between parameters of seismic motion (magnitude, acceleration, epicentral distance, geological conditions) and soil response (amplitude Fourier spectra, area of spectrum, average weighted vibration frequency) have been obtained. It is established that absorption parameter in the form of normalized vibration spectrum area increases for rocky soils and decreases for soft soils at increasing seismic impact. It is established that area of the real (Fourier) spectrum is increased directly for rocky soils and inversely for soft soils at increasing vibration frequency. It is established that average weighted vibration frequency decreases in soft soils and increases in rocky soils at increasing acceleration.
5. Parameters of wave field of the territory in Tbilisi have been studied. The sites with typical engineering - geological conditions on the territory of Tbilisi have been selected. Calculation of vibrations on the soil surface of typical sites using the original developed software ZOND has been performed.
6. For the first time the map of rating assessment of different parameters, determining seismic hazard of territory, have been compiled for the selected territory of Tbilisi city. Typical dominant frequencies of soil vibration dangerous for building stock of Tbilisi have been obtained. Principal features of built environment with the map of seismic microzonation have been taken into account.
7. The map of macroseismic intensities of the Dec, 14 earthquake near Tbilisi has been compiled in GIS.
8. For the first time on the base of study of the features of engineering-geological conditions and the data of field investigations using vibration source SV-10/100 the map of nonlinear anomalies of soils for Tbilisi city has been compiled.
9. On the base of results of instrumental and numerical methods of seismic microzonation the map of seismic microzonation of the territory of Tbilisi city has been compiled in GIS technology. Compiled map of seismic microzonation undoubtedly is the base of seismic risk assessment of build environment.
10. Analysis of the map of seismic microzonation has been shown that in the sites with anomalous nonlinear phenomena of soils, increment of seismic intensity (both in linear and nonlinear calculations) is minimal because of absorbtion of soil media. This statement corresponds to new approachs of appreciable influence of physical nonlinearity to formation of seismic effect and decreasing of output effect on the surface. At the same time, the numerical tools allows to achieve the expected increasing of intensity on the anomalous sites using the traditional tools.
11. Taking into account the methodological orientation of the project, the maps have been compiled without increments. The engineers take into account augmentation of intensity reinforcing structures. At the same time it is possible to take place nonuniform deformations of soils. In this case it should be given special consideration to soils as at partial or full loss of bearing capacity of soils damage or loss of stability of structure could take place.

Main page

• Joint Publications of INTAS and NIS project teams

• International journals
• National journals

1. B.Benito, V.Zaalishvili, Z.Javakhishvili, I.Timchenko. M.Otinashvili. Seismic hazard assessment of urban territory on the base of modern methods of seismic microzonation with account of nonlinear properties of soils. ……….(Submitted).
2. B.Benito, A.Gvishiani, V.Zaalishvili, I.Timchenko. Development of information engineering-seismological strong motion database for purposes of engineering seismology. Journal of Physics of the Earth. (Submitted).
3. B.Benito, V.Zaalishvili, M.Otinashvili, I.Timchenko, S.Gogmachadze. Calculation of nonlinear absorbing ground media for purposes of seismic microzonation. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.3, Tbilisi, 2002 (Submitted).

1. V.Zaalishvili, I.Timchenko, V.Kacharava, Z.Zaalishvili. Strong motion instrumentation for structures of civil engineering and economical aspects of planning of territory of big cities. M.Erdik et al. (eds.), Strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001. Pp. 593-602.
2. Zaalishvili V. Strong motion in absorbing nonlinear medium and problems of their registration. M.Erdik et al. (eds.), Strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2001. Pp. 593-602.
3. Beriozko, A.E., and Eliutin, A.V., 2000, GIS environment ATTILA, Computer Geophysics (submitted).
4. Beriozko, A.E., Deplus, C., Diament M., Hébert, H., 2000, Recognition of linear features in bathymetry data of Wharton Basin, Computer Geophysics (submitted).
5. Javakhishvili Z., P. Smit, T. Chelidze, M. Elashvili, T. Godoladze. 1999 The Strong Motion network in Georgia. Proceedings of NATO ARW (NATO advanced research workshop on strong motion instrumentation for civil engineering structures), Istanbul, 1999, 2-5 July, 7 pp.
6. A.E.Beriozko, C.Deplus, M.Diament, H.Hébert, A.D.Gvishiani. GIS-based recognition of linear features in geophysical data sets: Computers and Geosciences, 2001 (submitted).

1. Chelidze T., Z. Javakhishvili, V. Abashidze, O. Varazanashvili, M. Elashvili, I. Litanishvili, 1999, Geodynamical hazard assessment for Georgia: implication for Enguri arc dam test area. "Energy", N2(10), 26-32.
2. Macharashvili T., T. Chelidze, Z. Javakhishvili . Nonlinear analysis of magnitude and interevent time sequences for earthquakes of Caucasian region interval Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, V. 7, 9-19.
3. V. Zaalishvili. Modern Technologies in Engineering Seismology. Proceedings on meeting of seismologists of BSEC countries. Krasnodar Russia May, 2000 (submeeted).
4. T. Chelidze, Z. Javakhishvili Natural and Technological Hazards of Territory of Georgia: Implications to Disaster Management. Report on meeting of seismologists of BSEC countries. Krasnodar Russia May, 2000 (submeeted).
5. E. Kihn, H. Coffey, R. Conkright, H. Kroel, L. Morris, M. Zhizhin, A. Burtsev, A. Gvishiani, T. Ilina, E. Kharin, D. Nechitailenko. Solar Physics Interactive Data Resource: Moscow, 2000, ISBN 5-89118-133-9.
6. Varazanashvili, O. (1998). Earthquake Source Occurrence Zones of the Caucasus and Adjacent Areas. Journal of Georgian Geophysical Society (A), Vol. 3, 67-76.
7. Javakhishvili, Varazanashvili, Butikashvili, 1998. Interpretation of the Macroseismic field of Georgia. Journal of Georgian Geophysical Society. Issue (A) Solid Earth, v. 3. 85-88.
8. V.Zaalishvili. Seismic Microzonation. Achievements. Problems. Building Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 42-51.
9. V.Zaalishvili, A.Odisharia. Improvement of Instrumental and Numerical Methods of Seismic Microzonation. Building Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 57-63.
10. I.Timchenko, T.Mikhadze. The Analysis of New Seismic Building Codes of CIS Countries. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 135-140. (in Russian).
11. V.Zaalishvili Methodological Aspects of Seismic Microzonation. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 182-188. (in Russian).
12. N.Chachava, I.Timchenko, V.Zaalishvili. Seismic Risk and its Role in the City Historical Centre Reconstruction Process. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 189-194. (in Russian).
13. M.Otinashvili, I.Timchenko, V.Zaalishvili. Analysis of Ground Media Strong Motion with Usage of Digital Method. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.1, Tbilisi, 2000, pp. 67-71 (in Georgian).
14. V.Zaalishvili, I.Javrishvili, M.Otinashvili, I.Timchenko. Calculation of nonlinear vibration of soil media by FEM numerical tool of seismic microzonation. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
15. S.Gogmachadze, V.Zaalishvili. Features of formation of manifestation of earthquakes seismicity in mountain regions. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
16. V.Zaalishvili, A.Odisharia, M.Otinashvili. Selection of zones with different response of ground motion for standard seismic excitation. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
17. S.Gogmachadze. Assessment of influence of soil conditions on earthquake intensity using numerical models. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
18. V.Zaalishvili, A.Odisharia, I.Timchenko, M.Otinashvili, S.Gogmachadze, Z.Zaalishvili. Engineering Macroseismic Investigation of the Epicentral Zone of the December, 14 2000 Earthquake. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
19. V.Zaalishvili, O.Kuranova, E.Barbakadze. Vibrations of nonlinear absorbing ground media according the data of instrumental method of seismic microzonation. Theory & Earthquake Resistance. Proceedings of ISMEE No.2, Tbilisi, 2001 (in press) (in Russian).
20. S.Gogmachadze. Study of influence of engineering-geological and geomorphological conditions on earthquake intensity using methods of physical modelling. Transactions of the International Simposium of the problems of thin walled space structures. 4-5.07.2001. Tbilisi, 211-216 pp.

1. Smit P., Arzoumanian V., Javakhishvili Z., Arefiev S., Mayer-Rosa D., Balassanian S., Chelidze 1999 The Digital Accelerograph Network in the Caucasus Area. Presented on the IUGG conference in Birmingham. 15 p.
2. Gvishiani A.D., Zhizhin M.N., Zaalishvili V.B. Creation of databases and development of research in the sphere of engineering seismology. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.28
3. Kuranova O. I., Otinashvili M. G..Dynamical soils characteristics in conditions of variable influence. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.40
4. Zaalishvili V. B. The seismic microzonation at the 21st century’s border. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.41
5. Zaalishvili V.B. Methodological aspects of seismic microzonation. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.43
6. Berezko A.E, Zaalishvili V.B. The seismic microzonation on a base of modern technologies. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October. Abstract. p.38
7. Macharashvili T.,T. Chelidze, Z. Javakhishvili, 2000, Nonlinear analysis of magnitude and time interval sequences for earthquakes of the Caucasian region. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics V. 7, 9-19.
8. Gabrichidze G. One inequality of elastokinetics and its application in seismology. Proceeding of 4-th Russian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1999, 12-14 October.
9. Barbakadze E., Z.Zaalishvili, G.Lomidze. The analysis of the wave forms of instrumental records of soil strong motion and economical ranging of seismic hazard. Proceeding of International Conference on Earthquake Hazard and Risk in the Mediterranean Region 18 - 22 October 1999 in Nicosia, North Cyprus. Abstract.
10. Otinashvili M. I.Timchenko, V.Zaalishvili. Nonlinear properties of soils and their account in designing of seismic resistant buildings and structures. Proceeding of International Conference on Earthquake Hazard and Risk in the Mediterranean Region 18 - 22 October 1999 in Nicosia, North Cyprus. Abstract.
11. Zaalishvili V., I.Timchenko, M.Lekveishvili, N.Chachava. Seismic risk and planning of the Tbilisi city historical center development. Proceeding of International Conference on Earthquake Hazard and Risk in the Mediterranean Region 18 - 22 October 1999 in Nicosia, North Cyprus. Abstract.
12. Beriozko A.E. and Zaalishvili V.B., Presentation of estimations of seismic hazard of urbanized territories in GIS, Abstract, Proceedings of International Symposium "Seismic Stability and Engineering Seismology", Tbilisi, 19-21 May 1999, p.79 (in Russian and Georgian).
13. M.Elashvili, T.Godoladze - GIS – application for seismic hazard assessment. In ARCREVIEW modern Geoinformational technology (in Russian). September 2000.
14. A.E.Beriozko, C.Deplus, M.Diament, H.Hébert. GIS-based recognition of linear features in geophysical data sets: Abstracts, 17^th International CODATA Conference, Baveno, Italy, October 15-19, 2000.

1. Zaalishvili V., I.Timchenko, Z.Zaalishvili. The tool of seismic microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162612. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
2. Zaalishvili V., O. Kuranova, T.Zaalishvili, I.Timchenko. The tool of seismic microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162613. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
3. Zaalishvili V., O. Kuranova, Z.Zaalishvili, A.Melentiev. The tool of seismic microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162614. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
4. V.Zaalishvili. The Physical Basics of Seismic Microzonation. Joint Institute of the Physics of the Earth. Moscow, 2000, 367 p. (in Russian).
5. V.Zaalishvili, O.Kuranova, Z.Zaalishvili, K.Kharebov. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162606. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
6. V.Zaalishvili, O.Kuranova, Z.Zaalishvili. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation No.2162608. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
7. V.Zaalishvili, E.Bolotsky, O.Kuranova. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162610. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
8. V.Zaalishvili, I.Pusich, T.Zaalishvili, A.Melentiev. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162611. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
9. V.Zaalishvili, O.Kuranova, T..Zaalishvili, K.Kharebov. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162609. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001.
10. V.Zaalishvili, O.Kuranova, T.Zaalishvili, K.Kharebov. A Method of Seismic Microzonation. Patent of Russian Federation #2162607. Joint Inst. of Physics of the Earth. January 2001

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